The landscape of material research is undergoing a dramatic transformation. Smart chemicals, engineered with intelligent algorithms, are emerging as the driving force of this revolution. These compounds possess exceptional properties, enabling them to respond to their environment in predictable ways

Renewable energy sources are gaining increasing significance in the global pursuit of sustainable development. Among these, biodiesel stands out as a promising alternative to conventional fossil fuels. Biodiesel is typically produced from vegetable oils through a process known as transesterification

The pressing need for sustainable energy storage technologies has driven significant research into novel battery materials. Traditional lithium-ion batteries, while effective, encounter constraints in terms of performance. Researchers are now exploring a wide range of innovative materials, including